Canker Sores: Causes And How To Get Rid Of

Some of the main factors leading to canker sores are listed below:

• Lack of essential nutrients like Vitamin B12, folic acid, and iron
• Stress and anxiety, surprisingly, can be one of the leading causes of canker sores
• Consuming too acidic, spicy, or abrasive foods which can irritate the oral mucosa trigger canker sores
• Chronic diseases and autoimmune disorders

Now, let's dive into the different methods that can help you get rid of canker sores.

Saltwater rinse is a valued ingredient used for its therapeutic properties in oral care. A saltwater rinse can be an effective and simple remedy for soothing canker sores as well.

The saltwater rinse works by drawing out excess fluid from the canker sore and reducing inflammation of the affected area. These properties can lessen the pain and fasten healing. Additionally, saltwater has mild antiseptic properties that can help clean the affected area and reduce the risk of secondary infections.

Baking soda is alkaline in nature. Paste prepared by using this ingredient can offer some relief for the pesky canker sores. The alkaline nature helps to neutralize the acidic environment in your mouth that can be causing canker-related pain.

The paste is directly applied to the canker sore using a clean finger or cotton swab. After a few minutes, rinse your mouth with warm water. Alternatively, you can make a baking soda rinse by increasing the amount of water in the mix. Swish this solution around in your mouth for about 30 seconds to get relief.

• Consideration: Don't apply baking soda directly to the canker sore in powdered form, as this can irritate the sensitive area.

Hydrogen peroxide is known for its disinfecting and healing properties. The available form of hydrogen peroxide, generally 3%, is valued for its ability to clean and promote healing of minor oral lesions.

The application of this remedy helps to disinfect the area, remove debris, and reduce the risk of infection. The bubbling action of hydrogen peroxide helps to loosen and remove dead cells, promoting faster healing.

Directions For Use: A diluted hydrogen peroxide solution, prepared by mixing equal parts of hydrogen peroxide and water, is used for the affected area. With the help of a clean cotton swab, the resulting mix can be directly applied to the sore.

Alum powder can offer relief from the discomfort associated with these painful mouth ulcers. When applied, it can help to dry out the sore, reduce swelling, and relieve pain.

The astringent effect also tightens the surrounding tissues, which can create a barrier and promote faster healing. To use alum powder for canker sores, you can apply it directly to the affected area. Simply moisten the canker sore slightly with water and then dab a small amount of alum powder onto it.

• Consideration: Alum powder can be quite potent. Its application might cause a burning sensation or irritation initially. It is essential to use it sparingly and to discontinue use if excessive irritation occurs.

Milk of magnesia is used as an antacid for treating indigestion and heartburn. You can directly apply a small amount of this remedy to the affected area using a cotton swab or your finger. The application should be done after meals and before bedtime to maximize the effect.

Milk of magnesia is mildly alkaline. The acidity of the mouth which can exacerbate the pain and irritation of canker sores hence gets neutralized. Additionally, it can help to keep the affected area clean and prevent the establishment of bacteria.

Honey has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, providing soothing relief for painful mouth ulcers. The use of honey also supports the healing process.

A small amount of honey is directly applied to the area affected by canker sores. Its natural viscosity allows it to remain attached, providing a protective layer that shields the ulcer from irritants and further injury. Overall, the use of honey helps to get rid of sore cankers by preventing further infections and decreasing the pain in the area.

Coconut oil has tons of skincare and oral health benefits. The moisturizing properties of coconut oil are most important as it soothes the sore. Coconut oil also reduces inflammation and has mild antiseptic properties. Coconut oil can be directly applied to the affected area, you can apply it several times a day.

Ice Pack (Cold Compress)

Ice pack has a numbing effect on the canker sore. To use, an ice pack compress can be prepared by wrapping a few ice cubes in a clean cloth or using a commercially available cold pack. Press the wrapped ice gently against the canker sore for 10 to 15 minutes at a time.

The cold temperature of the ice pack helps to constrict blood vessels. As a result, the swelling can be significantly reduced. The immediate relief provided by the compress makes its use popular.

Chamomile Compress

This effective herbal alternative is another way to soothe canker sores. To make a chamomile compress, steep a chamomile tea bag in hot water for a few minutes, then let it cool to a comfortable temperature.

The cooled tea bag is directly applied to the canker sore for 10 to 15 minutes. You can resoak the bad into the steeped solution and repeat the use in the same way.

The benefits of using a chamomile compress include its ability to provide relief through its anti-inflammatory and calming effects. It helps to reduce irritation and discomfort, making it a gentle option for those seeking natural remedies.

Topical anesthetic gels are designed to provide temporary relief from the pain associated with canker sore. These gels are applied topically to the affected area and are commonly used for their quick action and effectiveness in managing the symptoms of canker sores.

Benzocaine-Based Gels

Benzocaine is one of the popular topical anesthetics found in many over-the-counter gels for canker sores. It works by blocking nerve signals in the area where it is applied, which helps to numb the sore and reduce pain.

Lidocaine-Based Gels

Lidocaine is another common topical anesthetic used in gels for treating canker sores. It functions similarly to benzocaine by numbing the affected area to provide pain relief. They are generally well-tolerated, but, like benzocaine, can cause allergic reactions or irritation in some individuals.

Dibucaine-Based Gels

Dibucaine is a potent topical anesthetic used in certain canker sore gels. It helps to relieve the pain in the affected area in a way similar to benzocaine and lidocaine. These gels are effective for severe pain and offer longer-lasting relief.

Antiseptic mouthwashes function similarly to saltwater rinse, both of these treatments aim to reduce bacterial infection and soothe sores. Antiseptic mouthwashes contain stronger antimicrobial agents as compared to saltwater rinse.

Some of the antimicrobial agents present in mouthwashes include hydrogen peroxides, chlorhexidine or essential oils. All of these are potent antiseptics that can act against a wide range of bacteria. These mouthwashes are used to rinse the mouth for about 30 seconds to 1 minute, usually after brushing teeth. Mouthwashes also help to heal by reducing inflammation.

Consideration: Prolonged use is not recommended as it can lead to side effects such as staining of the teeth and alterations in taste

Corticosteroid ointments are typically prescribed by dentists or doctors for severe or persistent canker sores. The formulation of these ointments contains corticosteroids which work by suppressing the inflammation in the body (sore canker itself is the inflammation of the oral mucosa).

These ointments help to speed up the healing process by suppressing the immune system's response in the affected area. The pain and discomfort associated with canker sores is also reduced.

• Consideration: Corticosteroid ointments are typically prescription medications. It's essential to consult with a dentist or doctor to determine if they are right for you. This short-term medication should not be used as a long-term treatment.

Vitamin B12 has an important role in maintaining the health of the oral mucosa. Whenever the oral tissue is affected by the canker sores, the availability of vitamin B12 can aid in the healing by supporting the immune system.

Vitamin B12 supplements are available in various forms, including oral tablets, sublingual (under-the-tongue) tablets, and injections. Whatever is used by individuals suffering from this condition, they will observe a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of canker sores.

Consideration: Vitamin B12 supplementation may not address other underlying causes of canker sores.

Zinc, an essential mineral, has an important role to play in immune response and wound healing. It is also known for its role in maintaining the health of skin and mucous membranes.

One of the probable causes of increased incidences of canker sore is zinc deficiency. To overcome this deficiency, supplementation is sometimes used which in turn helps to address and manage these oral ulcers.

Zinc supplements are available in several forms, including zinc gluconate, zinc citrate, and zinc picolinate. Supplements are commonly found in tablet, capsule, or lozenge form. Lozenges may provide additional direct relief by dissolving in the mouth and delivering zinc to the affected area.

Certain substances can exacerbate the pain and discomfort of canker sores. By identifying and steering clear of known irritants, you can minimize pain and support the overall healing process.

Acidic Foods

Acidic foods can easily irritate the sensitive tissue of canker sores and prolong the healing process. Foods such as citrus fruits (oranges, lemons), tomatoes, and vinegar-based products are the ones that must be avoided. To avoid irritation, opt for bland or non-acidic foods that are gentler on the mouth.

Spicy and Salty Foods

Spicy and salty foods can cause further irritation to canker sores and increase discomfort. Spicy foods such as chili peppers, hot sauces, and spicy curries and salty foods including salty snacks, pickles, and cured meats can be too harsh for canker sores. Reducing or eliminating these types of foods from your diet can help manage symptoms and support healing.

Hard or Abrasive Foods

Foods that are hard, rough, or abrasive, such as chips, crusty bread, or raw vegetables, can physically irritate canker sores. These types of foods can scratch or scrape the sore, worsening the pain. Opt for softer, smoother foods that are less likely to cause physical discomfort.

Hot Beverages

Hot coffee and tea can irritate canker sores, so opt for cooler or room-temperature alternatives.

Other Irritants

Other irritants like alcohol-containing mouthwashes and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)- containing toothpaste can irritate the affected tissue. Alcohol can be drying and irritating to canker sores whereas SLS can cause further exacerbation of the symptoms.

Good oral hygiene reduces the chance of the occurence of oral cankers. While oral cankers can have various causes, proper oral hygiene helps to reduce the risk of infections and minimizes factors that can exacerbate or trigger these painful ulcers.

Daily Oral Hygiene Practices

The basic among all, regular brushing, particularly with a fluoride toothpaste can help remove plaque and prevent gum disease. This in turn protects the sensitive tissues of oral mucosa.

Flossing

Daily flossing helps remove food particles and plaque from between your teeth and along the gumline. Proper flossing means you are removing debris that the toothbrush can not reach easily, hence preventing the chances of gum diseases that can lead to oral cankers.

Mouthwash

Using an alcohol-free mouthwash can help reduce bacteria and maintain oral hygiene without causing irritation. Mouthwashes that contain soothing and antibacterial agents like chlorhexidine or essential oils will support your oral health.

Dental Check-Ups

Though we don't emphasize visiting dentists more, regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings have a huge role to play in maintaining oral health. Dentists can detect early signs of oral health issues and can come with advice on managing conditions that may lead to canker sores. So, we recommend you aim for dental visits every six months or as recommended by your dentist.

Various studies have suggested that stress can exacerbate or even initiate outbreaks. Managing stress is not crucial only for preventing or alleviating canker sores but is also important for stopping other various health issues.

The main factor that connects stress with a debilitated oral condition is the impact created by stress on the immune system. During periods of stress, the body may experience a decreased ability to manage inflammation and may not be able to heal oral tissues effectively.

Consideration: Try deep breathing exercises for relaxation, practice muscle relaxation exercises, practice mindfulness, include meditation in your daily routine and aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week.